Summary
Mining, mineral processing, and metallurgical activities generate more than 100 billion tons of waste per year in several forms. The current management of mine waste is still based on a linear system through its storage and landfilling. At the same time, growth of urbanization and industrialization induces the consumption of natural resources for building engineering in many countries. In this regard, the high demand for raw materials in the construction industry is becoming a worldwide issue. In order to tackle those challenges presented by the mining sector and the depletion of natural resources, innovative concepts are being developed. The circular economy concept is very beneficial, where mine waste can be considered as new raw materials for other applications, which will contribute not only to the reduction of natural resource consumption but also to the reduction of CO2 emissions. This book chapter explores that implementation of the circular economy concept with regard to the impact toward sustainable development goals, supported by case studies from around the world. The importance of technical advances and the legislative aspect is also discussed in order to underline its contribution to sustainable development.