Summary
Indonesia has the highest number of industrial tree plantation
conflicts worldwide, with most fatalities occurring in Sumatra
(Gerber 2011; Overbeek et al. 2012), and land-related conflicts
are becoming a major source of lethal violence in Indonesia
(IPAC 2013). This study provides an overview of industrial tree
plantation conflict in Indonesia with the aim of advancing
understanding of the nature of plantation-related disputes
and conflicts. It develops a typology of conflicts, examines
the strategies used to address the conflicts and draws lessons
for conflict resolution, with particular regard to how parties
involved in conflicts (and those working with them) can avoid
destructive escalation of ongoing and future conflicts.
Overall, the study contributes to ongoing efforts that are
intended to address company-community conflicts in
Indonesia's plantation sector more effectively.